water hardness in phoenix

Water Hardness in Phoenix: What You Need to Know

Phoenix, Arizona, is known for its hard water. Hard water contains high concentrations of minerals like calcium and magnesium. This can lead to a variety of issues in your home, from scale buildup to decreased appliance efficiency.

What is Water Hardness?

Water hardness is determined by the concentration of dissolved minerals, primarily calcium and magnesium. The higher the concentration, the harder the water. Hardness is typically measured in grains per gallon (gpg) or parts per million (ppm). According to the Wikipedia article on hard water, water is generally considered hard if it exceeds 7 gpg (120 ppm).

Phoenix’s Water Hardness Levels

Phoenix’s water hardness varies depending on the source. The city gets its water from the Salt River Project (SRP), the Central Arizona Project (CAP), and groundwater. CAP water, sourced from the Colorado River, tends to be harder than SRP water. Overall, Phoenix water typically ranges from 12 to 16 gpg, making it very hard. This means that residents should expect to see the effects of hard water in their homes.

Problems Caused by Hard Water

Hard water can create a number of problems:

Scale Buildup: Scale, a white, chalky residue, can accumulate in pipes, faucets, showerheads, and appliances. This reduces water flow and appliance efficiency.
Reduced Soap Effectiveness: Hard water interferes with soap’s ability to lather, requiring more soap for cleaning. This leads to increased costs and can leave a film on skin and hair.
Damage to Appliances: Water heaters, washing machines, and dishwashers can suffer from reduced lifespan and efficiency due to scale buildup.
Spotty Dishes and Glassware: Mineral deposits can leave spots and streaks on dishes and glassware after washing.

Solutions for Hard Water in Phoenix

Fortunately, several solutions can mitigate the effects of hard water:

Water Softeners: These systems use ion exchange to remove calcium and magnesium from the water. They are the most effective way to address hard water issues throughout the entire home.
Water Conditioners: These systems aim to alter the structure of the minerals, preventing them from forming scale. While some are effective, they generally don’t remove the minerals like water softeners.
Appliance Descalers: Specialized products can remove scale buildup from specific appliances like water heaters and coffee makers.

FAQs About Phoenix Water Hardness

Is Phoenix water safe to drink?

Yes, Phoenix water is safe to drink. While it’s hard, the minerals are not harmful to your health. The City of Phoenix regularly tests its water to ensure it meets all federal and state safety standards.

Does hard water affect my skin and hair?

Yes, hard water can dry out skin and hair, leaving them feeling rough and itchy. The minerals in hard water interfere with soap’s ability to lather properly, requiring you to use more soap and resulting in residue that can clog pores and strip natural oils.

Will a water filter soften my water?

Most standard water filters, like those found in pitchers or refrigerator dispensers, will not soften water. They primarily remove chlorine, sediment, and other impurities, but not the calcium and magnesium that cause hardness. You need a dedicated water softening system to effectively soften your water.

How do I test the hardness of my water?

You can purchase a DIY water hardness test kit from most hardware stores or online retailers. These kits typically involve dipping a test strip into a water sample and comparing the color change to a chart. You can also contact a local water testing company for a more accurate analysis.

Is it worth getting a water softener in Phoenix?

For many homeowners in Phoenix, a water softener is a worthwhile investment. The benefits, such as reduced scale buildup, improved soap effectiveness, and extended appliance lifespan, can outweigh the cost of installation and maintenance.

Summary

Phoenix has very hard water, which can lead to various household problems. While safe to drink, it causes scale, reduces soap effectiveness, and can damage appliances. Solutions like water softeners and conditioners can help mitigate these issues, improving the overall quality of life for Phoenix residents.